We study streams as discrete ecosystems within the broader Hubbard Brook landscape, as well as how they interact with the terrestrial ecosystems that surround them. We study how long-term changes in water chemistry and climate influence aquatic insects and ecological processes, such as decomposition. Stream salamanders have been a valuable model for understanding the effects of changing stream hydrology, the causes and consequences of dispersal, species interactions within headwater food webs, and ecological and evolutionary drivers of change in communities.